An apparatus and improved method for cleaning back-plated developer particles from a developer roller or belt in an electrographic imaging system. A scraping blade or cleaning roller is unnecessary, and the development roller is cleaned efficiently over an extended period. The technology also allows for redispersing the back-plated developer for recovery and reuse.

The technology includes continuous methods of making optical storage media (OSM) by lamination processes, both for laminating two or more substrates together and for laminating protective cover film(s) to the substrate(s). These methods provide bubble-free laminations and OSM that are extremely flat and storage stable.

This nanostructured image transfer element provides high resolution, efficient use of light to generate an image on a receptor, and a large number of images per master.

Rather than attempting to minimize sequence striations, the present invention uses an approach of "averaging" the sequence striations in a pattern from one scan line to the next by switching between two or more different plate firing sequences such that the individual sequence striations in different locations on different scan lines average out visually to the human eye. In other words, human per